f the colour of bistre； those orbs themselves were like the plovers' eggs whereof Lady Clavering and Blanche had each tasted； the wrinkles in his old face were furrowed in deep gashes； and a silver stubble； like an elderly morning dew； was glittering on his chin； and alongside the dyed whiskers； now limp and out of curl。〃 A good deal of thisthat fine touch in italics especiallycould not possibly be rendered in black and white； and yet how much is indicated； and how thoroughly the whole is felt！ One turns to the woodcut from the words； and back again to the words from the woodcut with everincreasing gratification。 Then again； Thackeray's little initial letters are charmingly arch and playful。 They seem to throw a shy sidelight upon the text； giving； as it were； an additional and confidential hint of the working of the author's mind。 To those who； with the present writer； love every tiny scratch and quirk and flourish of the Master's hand； these small but priceless memorials are far beyond the frigid appraising of academics and schools of art。
After Doyle and Thackeray e a couple of wellknown artistsJohn Leech and John Tenniel。 The latter still lives （may he long live！） to delight and instruct us。 Of the former； whose genial and manly 〃Pictures of Life and Character〃 are in every home where good humoured raillery is prized and appreciated； it is scarcely necessary to speak。 Who does not remember the splendid languid swells； the brighteyed rosy girls （〃with no nonsense about them！〃） in pork pie hats and crinolines； the superlative 〃Jeames's；〃 the hairy 〃Mossoos；〃 the musicgrinding Italian desperadoes whom their kind creator hated so？ And then the intrepidity of 〃Mr。 Briggs；〃 the Roman rule of 〃Paterfamilias；〃 the vagaries of the 〃Rising Generation！〃 There are things in this gallery over which the severest misanthrope must chucklethey are simply irresistible。 Let any one take； say that smallest sketch of the hapless mortal who has turned on the hot water in the bath and cannot turn it off again； and see if he is able to restrain his laughter。 In this one gift of producing instant mirth Leech is almost alone。 It would be easy to assail his manner and his skill； but for sheer fun； for the invention of downright humorous situation； he is unapproached； except by Cruikshank。 He did a few illustrations to Dickens's Christmas books； but his bestknown bookillustrations properly so called are to 〃Uncle Tom's Cabin；〃 the 〃ic Histories〃 of A'Beckett； the 〃Little Tour in Ireland；〃 and certain sporting novels by the late Mr。 Surtees。 Tenniel now confines himself almost exclusively to the weekly cartoons with which his name is popularly associated。 But years ago he used to invent the most daintily fanciful initial letters； and many of his admirers prefer the serio grotesque designs of 〃Punch's PocketBook；〃 〃Alice in Wonderland；〃 and 〃Through the LookingGlass；〃 to the always correctlydrawn but sometimes stifflyconceived cartoons。 What； for example； could be more delightful than the picture； in 〃Alice in Wonderland；〃 of the 〃Mad Tea Party？〃 Observe the hopelessly distraught expression of the March hare； and the eager incoherence of the hatter！ A little further on the pair are trying to squeeze the dormouse into the teapot； and a few pages back the blue caterpillar is discovered smoking his hookah on the top of a mushroom。 He was exactly three inches long； says the veracious chronicle； but what a dignity！what an oriental flexibility of gesture！ Speaking of animals； it must not be fotten that Tenniel is a master in this line。 His 〃British Lion；〃 in particular； is a most imposing quadruped； and so often in request that it is not necessary to go back to the famous cartoons on the Indian mutiny to seek for examples of that magnificent presence。 As a specimen of the artist's treatment of the lesser felidae； the reader's attention is invited to this charming little kitten from 〃Through the LookingGlass。〃
Mr。 Tenniel is a link between Leech and the younger school of 〃Punch〃 artists； of whom Mr。 Gee du Maurier； Mr。 Linley Sambourne； and Mr。 Charles Keene are the most illustrious。 The first is nearly as popular as Leech； and is certainly a greater favourite with cultivated audiences。 He is not so much a humorist as a satirist of the Thackeray type；unsparing in his denunciation of shams； affectations； and flimsy pretences of all kinds。 A master of position and acplished draughtsman； he excels in the delineation of 〃society〃its bishops； its 〃professional beauties〃 and 〃aesthetes；〃 its nouveaux riches； its distinguished foreigners； while now and then （but not too often） he lets us know that if he chose he could be equally happy in depicting the lowest classes。 There was a barroom scene not long ago in 〃Punch〃 which gave the clearest evidence of this。 Some of those for whom no good thing is good enough plain； it is said； that he lacks varietythat he is too constant to one type of feminine beauty。 But any one who will be at the pains to study a group of conventional 〃society〃 faces from any of his 〃At Homes〃 or 〃Musical Parties〃 will speedily discover that they are really very subtly diversified and contrasted。 For a case in point； take the decorously sympathetic group round the sensitive German musician； who is 〃veeping〃 over one of his own positions。 Or follow the titter running round that amused assembly to whom the tenor warbler is singing 〃Meeeet me once again；〃 with such passionate emphasis that the domestic cat mistakes it for a wellknown area cry。 As for his ladies； it may perhaps be conceded that his type is a little persistent。 Still it is a type so refined； so graceful； so attractive altogether； that in the jarring of less wellfavoured realities it is an advantage to have it always before our eyes as a standard to which we can appeal。 Mr。 du Maurier is a fertile bookillustrator； whose hand is frequently seen in the 〃Cornhill；〃 and elsewhere。 Some of his best work of this kind is in Douglas Jerrold's 〃Story of a Feather；〃 in Thackeray's 〃Ballads；〃 and the large edition of the 〃Ingoldsby Legends；〃 to which Leech； Tenniel； and Cruikshank also contributed。 One of his prettiest positions is the group here reproduced from 〃Punch's Almanack〃 for 1877。 The talent of his colleague； Mr。 Linley Sambourne； may fairly be styled unique。 It is difficult to pare it with anything in its way； except some of the happier efforts of the late Mr。 Charles Bent； to which； nevertheless； it is greatly superior in execution。 To this clever artist's invention everything seems to present itself with a train of fantastic accessory so whimsically inexhaustible that it almost overpowers one with its prodigality。 Each fresh examination of his designs discloses something overlooked or unexpected。 Let the reader study for a moment the famous 〃Birds of a Feather〃 of 1875； or that ingenious skit of 1877 upon the rival Grosvenor Gallery and Academy； in which the late President of the latter is shown as the proudest of peacocks； the eyes of whose tail are portraits of Royal Academicians； and whose bodyfeathers are paint brushes and shillings of admission。 Mr。 Sambourne is excellent； too； at adaptations of popular pictures；witness the more than happy parodies of Herrman's 〃A Bout d'Arguments；〃 and 〃Une Bonne Histoire。〃 His bookillustrations have been paratively few； those to Burnand's laughable burlesque of 〃Sandford and Merton〃 being among the best。 Rumour asserts that he is at present engaged upon Kingsley's 〃Water Babies；〃 a subject which might almost be supposed to have been created for his pencil。 There are indications； it may be added； that Mr。 Sambourne's talents are by no means limited to the domain in which for the present he chooses to exercise them； and it is not impossible that he may hereafter take high rank as a cartoonist。 Mr。 Charles Keene； a selection from whose sketches has recently been issued under the title of 〃Our People；〃 is unrivalled in certain bourgeois； military； and provincial types。 No one can draw a volunteer； a monthly nurse； a Scotchman； an 〃ancient mariner〃 of the wateringplace species； with such absolutely humorous verisimilitude。 Personages； too； in whose eyesto use Mr。 Swiveller's euphemism〃the sun has shone too strongly；〃 find in Mr。 Keene a merciless satirist of their 〃pleasant vices。〃 Like Leech； he has also a remarkable power of indicating a landscape background with the fewest possible touches。 His book illustrations have been 。mainly confined to magazines and novels。 Those in 〃Once a Week〃 to a 〃Good Fight；〃 the tale subsequently elaborated by Charles Reade into the 〃Cloister and the Hearth；〃 present some good specimens of his earlier work。 One of these； in which the dwarf of the story is seen climbing up a wall with a lantern at his back； will probably be remembered by many。
After the 〃Punch〃 school there are other lesser luminaries。 Mr。 W。 S。 Gilbert's drawings to his own inimitable 〃Bab Ballads〃 have a perverse drollery which is quite in keeping with that erratic text。 Mr。 F。 Barnard； whose exceptional talents have not been sufficiently recognised； is a master of certain phases of strongly marked character； and； like Mr。 Charles Green； has contributed some excellent sketches to the 〃Household Edition〃 of Dickens。 Mr。 Sullivan of 〃Fun；〃 whose grotesque studies of the 〃British Tradesman〃 and 〃Workman〃 have recently been republished； has abounding vis ica； but he has hitherto done little in the way of illustrating books。 For minute pictorial stocktaking and photographic retention of detail； Mr。 Sullivan's artistic memory may almost be pared to the wonderful literary memory of Mr。 Sala。 Mr。 John Proctor； who some years ago （in 〃Will o' the Wisp〃） seemed likely to rival Tenniel as a cartoonist； has not been very active in this way； while Mr。 Matthew Man； the clever artist of the 〃Tomahawk；〃 has transferred his services to the United States。 Of Mr。 Bowcher of 〃Judy；〃 and various other professedly humorous designers； space permits no further mention。
There remains； however； one popular branch of bookillustration； which has attracted the talents of some of the most skilful and original of modern draughtsmen； i。e。 the embellishment of children's books。 From the days when Mulready drew the old 〃Butterfly's B