《牛津实用英语语法》

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牛津实用英语语法- 第73部分


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He couldn’t have thought of that trick by himself.Someone must haveput him up to it.
他自己是想不出那个计谋的。一定是有人教他这么做的。
put up with(tr) 容忍:
We had to put up with a lot of noise when the children were at home.
我们不得不忍受孩子们在家时的吵闹。
ring
ring off(intr) 挂断电话:
He rang off before I could ask his name.
没等我问他的名字,他就把电话挂断了。
ring up(tr/intr) 打电话给某人:
I rang up the theatre to book seats for tonight.(rang the theatre up/rangthem up)
我给剧院打了电话,预购今晚的票。
If you can’t e ring up and let me know.
你要是来不了,请打电话让我知道一声。
round
round up(tr)(把人或动物)撵到一起:
The sheepdog rounded up the sheep and drove them through the gate.
牧羊犬把羊撵到了一起,把它们赶过栅门。
On the day after the riots the police rounded up all suspects/rounded them up.
暴乱后的那一天,警方把嫌疑者都抓起来了。
rub
rub out(tr) 用擦子或橡皮把字迹擦掉:
The child wrote down the wrong word and then rubbed it out.(rubbed the word out/rubbed out the word)
孩子写错了一个字,又把它擦掉了。
rub up(tr) 复习,温习某项知识:
I am going to France;I must rub up my French.(rub it up)
我要去法国了。我得把法语温习一下。
run
run after(to)追逐(参见下面的例句)
run away(intr) 逃跑,出走(离开家庭、学校等):
The thief ran away and the policeman ran after him.
小偷逃跑了,警察追了去。
He ran away from home and got a job in a garage.
他离家出走,在一家汽车修理站里找了个工作。
run away with(tr)(感情)变得不可控制,(马匹)奔逸:
Don’t let your emotions run away with you.
不要听任感情失控。
His horse ran away with him and he had a bad fall.
他骑的马狂奔起来,他摔得不轻。
run away with the idea 过分匆促地接受某种想法:
Don’t run away with the idea that I am unsociable;I just haven’t timeto go out much.
不要轻信我不爱同人交往的说法;我只不过是没有时间经常外出而已。
run down(tr) 诋毁,说……的坏话:
He is always running down his neighbours.(running his neighbours down/running them down)
他总是在说邻居的坏话。
run down(intr) 发条松了,电池没有电:
This torch is useless;the battery has run down.
这电筒没有用;电池没有电了。
be run down(intr)(由于生病或工作过度而)身体坏了:
He is still run down after his illness and unfit for work.
他病后仍然体力不佳,不适合工作。
run into(tr) 撞上(车辆等):
The car skidded and ran into a lamp…post.
汽车打滑,撞上了电线竿。
run into/across someone 偶然遇见(某人):
I ran into my cousin in Harrods recently.
我最近在哈洛德百货商店遇见了我表弟。
run out of(tr) 用光,吃喝无余:
I have run out of milk.Put some lemon in your tea instead.
我没有牛奶了。你在茶里放点柠檬吧。
run over(tr)(车辆)轧过:
The drunk man stepped into the road right in front of the oning car.
The driver couldn’t stop in time and ran over him.
醉汉走到马路上,正好到了开过来的汽车前面。司机来不及停车,从他身上轧过去了。
run over(tr/intr) 溢出:
He turned on both taps full and left the bathroom.When he came backhe found that the water was running over/running over the edge of thebath.
他把两个水龙头开到头,就走出了浴室。回来时他发现水已经溢出来了/溢出浴盆边沿了。
run over/through(tr) 迅速地复习,检查,重读一下:
We’ve got a few minutes before the train goes,so I’ll just run throughyour instructions again.
火车开车以前还剩几分钟,所以我要再重复一下给你们的指示。
run through(tr) 极度浪费(指供应品或钱):
He inherited a fortune and ran through it in a year.
他继承了一大笔财产,一年之内就挥霍光了。
run up bills 由于不断赊购而积累起许多帐单:
Her husband said that she must pay for things at once and not run upbills.
她丈夫说她得用现款购物,不该积起厚厚一叠帐单。
run up against difficulties/opposition 遭遇困难/反对:
If he tries to change the rules of the club he will run up against a lot ofopposition.
如果他想改变俱乐部的章程,就会遇到很多反对意见。
see
see about(tr) 过问并安排:
I must see abut getting a room ready for him.
我得去给他设法准备好一个房间。
see somebody off 送人离去(上车、船、飞机等):
The station was crowded with boys going back to school and parents whowere seeing them off.
车站里挤满了要回学校上学的男孩子们和送他们的家长们。
see somebody out 送(某人)出门:
When guests leave the host usually sees them out.
客人走时,主人通常送出门。
Don’t bother to e to the door with me.I can see myself out.
不用费力送我出去。我可以自己出去。
see over a house/a building 看房(常是为买房或租房准备):
I’m definitely interested in the house.I’d like to see over it.
我肯定对这所房子感兴趣。我想去看一下这房子。
see through(tr) 看透(发现想骗人的那人心中的想法):
She pretended that she loved him but he saw through her,and realizedthat she was only after his money.
她假装爱他,可是他把她看透了,明白她只是看上了他的钱。(他没有被他/她的假装骗了。参见take in。)
see to(tr)安排,修好,纠正:
If you can provide the wine I’ll see to the food.
你要是能提供葡萄酒,我来负责食品。
That electric fire isn’t safe.You should have it seen to.
那个电炉不安全。你得找人修一下。
Please see to it that the door is locked.
请留意一下把门锁好。
sell
sell off(tr) 廉价抛售以卖尽存货:
Assistant:This line is being discontinued so we are selling off the remainder of our stock;that’s why they are so cheap.(selling the rest off/selling it off)
店员:这条生产线已停止了,所以我们在廉价出售存货;因此价格很便宜。
sell out(intr) 出清,售完:
When all the seats for a certain performance have been booked,theatresput a notice saying‘Sold out’outside the booking office.
某场演出票已订光时,剧院常在票房外面贴个通知:“票已售完”。
send
be sent down(intr) 由于行为不端被大学开除:
He behaved so badly in college that he was sent down and never got hisdegree.
他在大学里行为极为恶劣,以致被开除了,从未拿到学位。
send for(tr) 派人找来:
One of our water pipes has burst.We must send for the plumber.
我们有个自来水管漏水了,得找水管工来。
The director sent for me and asked for an explanation.
院长把我找去了,要求我做出解释。
send in(tr) 寄送到某人处(此人不必说出,因为听话的人早已知道):
You must send in your application before Friday.(send your applicationin/send it in)
你必需在星期五以前把申请书送上去。
send on(tr) 转交,转递,转寄:
If any letters e for you after you have gone I will send them on.(sendon your letters/send your letters on)
如果你走了以后有你的信,我会转寄给你的。
set
set in(intr) 开始(常指一段令人不愉快的时期):
Winter has set in early this year.
今年的冬季开始得早。
set off(tr) 开始(一系列事件),引发:
That strike set off a series of strikes throughout the country.(set themoff)
那一次罢工引发了全国一系列的罢工。
set off/out(intr) 动身,上路:
They set out/off at six and hoped to arrive before dark.
他们在6点钟动身,希望在天黑以前到。
如果提到了目的地,则要用介词for引导:
They set out/off for Rome.
他们动身上罗马去了。
set out+不定式 开始,以……为目的(常带show指给看/prove证明/explain解释或其他类似动词的不定式):
In this book the author sets out to prove that the inhabitants of the islandscame from South America.
在本书中作者意图证明这些岛的居民来自南美洲。
set up(tr) 创立(纪录):
He set up a ner record for the 1,000 metres.(set a new record up/set itup)
他创下了千米赛跑的新纪录。
set up(intr) 开办(新商号):
When he married he left his father’s shop and set up on his own.

他结婚后离开了他父亲的商店,自己开一家店。
settle
settle down(intr) 安居下来,安顿下来,安于新的地方/职业等:
He soon settled down in his new school.
他在新的学校里很快就习惯了。
settle up(intr) 付清欠款:
Tell me what I owe you and I’ll settle up.
告诉我我欠你多少钱,我会付清的。
shout
shout down(tr) 高声喊叫,不让演讲人说话,哄台:
Tom tried to make a speech defending himself but the crowd wouldn’tlisten to his explanation and shouted him down.
汤姆想讲话为自己辩护,可是人群不肯听他的解释,把他哄下去了。
The moderate speakers were shout down.
那些主张克制的演讲者们被哄下去了。
show
show off(tr/intr) 炫耀,引人注目:
Although Jules speaks English perfectly,my cousin spoke French to himall the time just to show off.
虽说儒尔英语说得很好,我表妹一直跟他说法语以便炫耀一番。
He is always picking up very heavy things just to show off his strength.(show it off)
他常拿起很重的东西以显示自己的力气。
shut
shut down(tr/intr) 关闭(参见close down)
sit
sit back(intr) 放松,不动手,不干活:
I have worked hard all my life and now I’m going to sit back and watchother people working.
我这辈子一直努力干,现在要轻松轻松,看着别人干了。
sit up(intr) 坐着熬夜,过了点而不去睡(常指因阅读、工作或等人):
I was very worried when he didn’t e in and I sat up till 3 a.m.wait…ing for him.
他没回家,我很担心,一直不去睡而等到凌晨3点钟。
She sat up all night with the sick child.
她整夜陪着生病的孩子没有睡。
stand
stand by someone(tr) 继续支持并帮助某人,为某人撑腰:
No matter what happens I’ll stand by you,so don’t be afraid.
不管发生什么事我都支持你,别怕。
stand for(tr) 代表:
The symbol‘x’usually stands for the unknown quantity in mathematics.
在数学中,“x”这个符号常代表未知数。
stand for Parliament 竞选议员:
Mr Pitt stood for Parliament five years ago but he wasn’t elected.
皮特先生五年前曾竞选议员职位,可是没有当选。
stand out(intr) 易于看到,显眼:
She stood out from the crowd because of her height and her flaming red hair.
由于她个子高,又长了一头火红的头发,她站在人群里很显眼。
stand up for(tr) 为……辩护:
His father blamed him,but his mother stood up for him and said that hehad acted sensibly.
他爸爸责怪他,可是他妈妈为他辩护,说他做得有道理。
Why don’t you stand up for yourself?
你为什么不为自己辩护?
tand up to(tr) 抗拒,不屈服:
This type of building stands up to the gales very well.
这种建筑很能抗拒大风。
Your boss is a bully.If you don’t stand up to him he’ll lead you a dog’slife.
你的老板是个仗势欺人之辈。你要是向他屈服,他会把你欺负死。
stay
stay up(intr) 过时不睡(通常为了娱乐):
Children never want to go to bed at the proper time;they always want tostay up late.
孩子们总是不想按时上床睡觉;他们老是想晚点睡。
step
step up(tr) 增速,加快(常指工业生产等):
This new machine will step up production.(step it up)
这台新机器将使生产加快。
take
be 

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